EDUCA\u021aIA NONFORMAL\u0102 A TINEREI GENERA\u021aII<\/p>\n
prof. Tamara Bolbos
\nGr\u0103dini\u021ba cu Program Prelungit nr. 20, Tmi\u0219oara<\/p>\n
Educa\u0163ia este procesul prin care se realizeaz\u0103 formarea \u015fi dezvoltarea personalit\u0103\u0163ii umane. Prin educa\u021bie,
\n\u00een viziunea lui M. Ionescu (2007), \u00een\u021belegem \u201eun sistem de ac\u021biuni \u0219i influen\u021be deliberate sau nedeliberate,
\nexplicite sau implicite, care contribuie la formarea, modelarea, dezvoltarea \u0219i transformarea personalit\u0103\u021bii
\nindivizilor, indiferent de v\u00e2rst\u0103, in vederea atingerii anumitor finalit\u0103\u021bi, stabilite in conformitate cu cerin\u021bele
\nactuale \u0219i de perspectiv\u0103 a societ\u0103\u021bii.\u201d
\n\u201eEduca\u021bia este consecin\u021ba procesului de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare a comportamentelor dezirabile, prin care omul asimileaz\u0103
\nexperien\u021bele pozitive ale \u00eenainta\u0219ilor \u0219i ale contextului s\u0103u, spre a preveni discomfortul exsten\u021bial \u0219i
\nconflictual cu mediul social \u0219i spa\u021bial.\u201d
\nFormele educa\u0163iei sunt:
\n– Educa\u0163ia formal\u0103
\n– Educa\u0163ia informal\u0103
\n– Educa\u0163ia nonformal\u0103.
\nEduca\u0163ia formal\u0103 se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00eentr-un cadru organizat, sistematizat \u0219i institu\u0163ionalizat \u0219i este bazat\u0103 pe
\nac\u021biunea pedagogic\u0103 de tip formal. \u00centreaga activitate educativ\u0103 urm\u0103re\u0219te realizarea obiectivelor stabilite
\n\u0219i reglementate \u00een programe curriculare specifice.
\nEduca\u021bia informal\u0103 reprezint\u0103 ansamblul influen\u021belor pedagogice exercitate spontan \u0219i continuu asupra
\npersonalit\u0103\u021bii umane la nivelul familiei, localit\u0103\u021bii, str\u0103zii, mediului social (cultural, professional, economic,
\nreligios etc.), a comunit\u0103\u021bii, a mass-mediei (presa scrisa, radio-televiziune etc.).
\nEduca\u021bia nonformal\u0103 reprezint\u0103 ansamblul ac\u021biunilor pedagogice proiectate \u0219i realizate \u00eentr-un cadru
\ninstitu\u021bionalizat extra\u0219colar constituiind leg\u0103tura dintre cuno\u0219tin\u021bele asimilate \u00een cadrul formal \u0219i informa\u021biile
\naccumulate \u00een cadrul informal. Educa\u021bia nonformala valorific\u0103 activitatea de educa\u021bie organizat\u0103 \u00een interiorul
\nsistemului de \u00eenvatamant, \u00een cluburi, tabere de elevi, dar \u0219i \u00een afara acestuia sub \u00eendrumarea unor cadre
\ndidactice specializate.
\nNotele carateristice ale acestei forme de educa\u0163ie sunt legate de caracterul op\u0163ional al activit\u0103\u0163ilor
\norganizate, participarea elevilor la stabilirea a ceea ce se va \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a \u015fi se va inteprinde, rolul discret al
\ndasc\u0103lului \u015fi renun\u0163area la evalu\u0103ri.
\nEfectele educa\u0163iei nonformale sunt cele mai de lung\u0103 durat\u0103 fiindc\u0103 informa\u0163ia este re\u0163inut\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 stres \u015fi
\nprintr-o metod\u0103 distractiv\u0103 pentru copil, spun speciali\u015ftii. De\u015fi \u00een curricula preuniversitar\u0103 \u00eencep s\u0103 apar\u0103
\nmaterii precum „Joc \u015fi mi\u015fcare”, odat\u0103 cu introducerea noilor programe \u015fcolare din \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul primar, \u00een
\nrealitate, sistemul mai are de „\u00eenv\u0103\u0163at” cum s\u0103 „predea nonformal”.
\nTot mai multe metode de educa\u0163ie nonformal\u0103 \u00eencep s\u0103 apar\u0103 \u015fi \u00een sistemul educa\u0163ional rom\u00e2nesc.
\nImportante \u00een educa\u021bia occidental\u0103, acestea au fost g\u00e2ndite \u00een \u00eencercarea de a-i ajuta pe copii s\u0103 \u00eenve\u0163e mai
\nrepede \u015fi mai bine, lucruri mai utile dec\u00e2t se poate \u00eenv\u0103\u0163a prin metoda tradi\u0163ional\u0103 de predare. Expertul \u00een
\neduca\u0163ie nonformal\u0103, \u015etefan P\u0103l\u0103rie, de la \u015ecoala de Valori, a explicat c\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u0163area non-formal\u0103 se face prin
\njoac\u0103, \u00eentr-o atmosfer\u0103 prietenoas\u0103 \u015fi plin\u0103 de energie.
\n\u015ei psihopedagogul Aura St\u0103nculescu spune c\u0103 educa\u0163ia nonformal\u0103 „se realizeaz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 stres, nu exist\u0103
\nconstr\u00e2ngeri, chiar dac\u0103 elevii sunt evalua\u0163i. Testarea nu \u00eei streseaz\u0103 pentru c\u0103 este de a\u015fa natur\u0103 \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 nu
\ncreeze stres. Educa\u0163ia nonformal\u0103 este cea mai durabil\u0103 pentru c\u0103 se face doar \u00een conformitate cu dorin\u0163ele
\ncopilului, la ini\u0163iativa lui \u015fi dezvolt\u0103 imagina\u0163ia, creativitatea, spontaneitatea dar \u015fi aptitudinile academice”,
\na spus psihopedagogul.
\nPsihologii recomand\u0103 \u00eembinarea educa\u021biei formale cu cea nonformala pentru a le asigura copiilor un aport
\nechilibrat de informa\u0163ie. Educa\u021bia nonformal\u0103 poate fi aplicat\u0103 la toate clasele, indiferent de v\u00e2rsta copiilor.
\n\u00cen ultimul timp, educa\u0163ia nonformal\u0103 este asociat\u0103 conceptului de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163are pe tot parcursul vie\u0163ii (en.
\nlifelong learning). Aceasta accentueaz\u0103 importan\u0163a educa\u0163iei, care are loc dincolo de cadrul formal al
\nsistemului de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt, fie \u00een alte spa\u0163ii dec\u00e2t cele ale \u015fcolii, fie prin activit\u0103\u0163i care nu fac obiectul
\ncurriculumului \u015fcolar, dar care r\u0103spund nevoilor \u015fi intereselor de cunoa\u015ftere \u015fi de dezvoltare ale unui grup.
\nValorizarea educa\u0163iei nonformale apare ca urmare a faptului c\u0103 sistemul educa\u0163ional formal se adapteaz\u0103
\n\u00eentr-un ritm prea lent la schimb\u0103rile socioeconomice \u015fi culturale ale lumii \u00een care tr\u0103im. De aceea, sunt
\n\u00eentrev\u0103zute \u015fi alte posibilit\u0103\u0163i de a-i preg\u0103ti pe copii\/ tineri\/ adul\u0163i s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 adecvat la schimb\u0103rile
\nsociet\u0103\u0163ii. Aceste ocazii de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163are pot proveni nu doar din \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2ntul formal, ci \u015fi din domeniul mai larg
\nal societ\u0103\u0163ii sau din anumite sectoare ale acesteia.
\nConceptual, acest tip de educa\u0163ie cuprinde ansamblul activit\u0103\u0163ilor \u015fi ac\u0163iunilor care se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00eentr-un
\ncadru institu\u0163ionalizat, \u00een mod organizat, dar \u00een afara sistemului \u015fcolar, constituindu-se ca o punte \u00eentre
\ncuno\u015ftin\u0163ele asimilate la lec\u0163ii \u015fi informa\u0163iile acumulate informal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
EDUCA\u021aIA NONFORMAL\u0102 A TINEREI GENERA\u021aII prof. Tamara Bolbos Gr\u0103dini\u021ba cu Program Prelungit nr. 20, Tmi\u0219oara…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","covernews-slider-full":"","covernews-slider-center":"","covernews-featured":"","covernews-medium":"","covernews-medium-square":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"A. M.","author_link":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/?author=1"},"category_info":"Uncategorized<\/a>","tag_info":"Uncategorized","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1675"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1676,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions\/1676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scoalaromaneascaastazi.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}